The Harbin Y-12 started life as a development of the Harbin Y-11 airframe. It was first called Y-11T in 1980. The design featured numerous improvements including a redesigned wing with a new low drag section, a larger fuselage and bonded rather than riveted construction. The first prototype, followed by about 30 production Harbin Y-12 (I) aircraft before a revised version was produced. This was designated the Harbin Y-12 (II), which featured more powerful engines and removal of leading edge slats, first flying on 16 August 1984 and receiving Chinese certification in December of the following year. The power plants are two Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27 turboprops with Hartzell propellers. The Y-12 has a maximum payload of 5,700 kg (12,600 lb) with seating for 17 passengers and two crew. The aircraft is operated as a light commuter and transport aircraft. The latest development is Harbin Y-12F, which is almost a new design with many improvements: new wings, new landing gears, new fuselage, with more powerful engine from Pratt & Whitney Canada and extended payload and range. The prototype is still under test and verification.
General characteristics
Crew: 2
Capacity: 17 passengers
Length: 18.86 m (48 ft 9 in)
Wingspan: 17.24 m (56 ft 6½ in)
Height: 5.68 m (18 ft 7½ in)
Wing area: 34.27 m² (368.9 ft²)
Airfoil: LS(1)-0417
Empty weight: 2,840 kg[31] (6,621 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 5,300 kg (11,684 lb)
Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27 turboprop, 462 kW (620 hp) each
Performance
Maximum speed: 328 km/h (177 knots, 204 mph) at 3,000m (9,840 ft) (max cruise)
Cruise speed: 250 km/h (135 knots, 155 mph) at 3,000m (9,840 ft) (econ cruise)
Range: 1,340 km (723 NM, 832 mi)at econ cruise, 45 min reserves
Service ceiling: 7,000 m (23,000 ft)
Rate of climb: 8.1 m/s (1,595 ft/min)
